Fishing‑induced groupers stock dynamics in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia

Autor: Yulianto, I.; Hammer, C.; Wiryawan, B.; Palm, Harry W.
In:

Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

Auflage: 81
ISBN: 1444-2906
DOI: 10.1007/s12562-015-0863-x
Seite: 417 - 432
Jahr: 2015

Einordung:
Institut: Professur Aquakultur und Sea-Ranching

Abstract:
Abstract As a result of high levels of exploitation, in
many regions of the world grouper (Epinephelidae) populations
are at risk and/or declining steadily, such as in
Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine grouper
stock sizes in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. If
the establishment of the park with no-take zones was effective
in protecting grouper populations, the biomass of the
grouper populations in this park should have increased
or at least have been maintained between 2005 and 2012,
the period under study. We found that grouper mean abundance
declined between 2005 and 2012, with a fluctuating
mean biomass, but that the mean biomass increased from
2009 to 2012. A significant difference was found in the
abundance and biomass of groupers between the different
core zones, but no significant difference was observed for
three observed species between these zones. Three fishing
gear types are used by fishermen to catch groupers, with
speargun fisheries being the most effective. In 2011, the
speargun effort was decreased, based on self-regulation by
fishermen; this resulted in a change in the groupers’ target
size and impacted recruitment success, with an increase in
the stock size and biomass of groupers in 2012. Based on
our analysis, we conclude that the establishment of marine protected areas alone, as exemplified by the establishment
of three core zones in Karimunjawa National Park, is
not sufficient on its own to protect natural populations of
groupers, and that fishing-gear regulation and community
support are also required.
Keywords Groupers · Abundance · Biomass · MPA ·
Fishing gear · Karimunjawa National Park

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