Trypanorhynch Assemblages Indicate Ecological and Phylogenetical Attributes of Their Elasmobranch Final Hosts

Autor:
Palm, H.W., Yulianto, I., Piatkowski, U.
In:

fishes

Bandangabe: 2
Auflage: 8
ISBN: 2410-3888
DOI: doi:10.3390/fishes2020008
Seite: 1 - 16
Jahr: 2017

Einordung:
Institut: Professur Aquakultur und Sea-Ranching

Abstract:
This study explores non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) as a tool for investigating
parasites as indicators of the elasmobranch biology. An attractive feature of nMDS is its ability
to allow assemblage-level parasite data to be simultaneously applied to questions of host biology.
This method was examined using the tapeworm order Trypanorhyncha Diesing, 1863, which is
known to be transmitted among their hosts through the marine food web (via predation), can
unambiguously be identified in the intermediate and final hosts, and has the potential as an indicator
of the host feeding biology. Our analyses focused on trypanorhynch assemblages in elasmobranchs
as definitive hosts. The relationships between trypanorhynch assemblages and the depth, feeding
ecology, habitat, and phylogeny for all sharks were complex, but we found that depth distribution,
diet composition and habitat type were the major influencing factors. Several species of sharks
showed different characters than known from their descriptions that could be attributed to the change
of shark behavior or the trypanorhynch host path. The relationship between the trypanorhynch
assemblage and factors for carcharhiniform species alone was more robust than for all sharks. In the
carcharhiniform analysis, the relationship between habitat type and trypanorhynch assemblage
was most remarkable. Overlapping host ecology was evident even in phylogenetically-distant
related hosts.

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Letzte Änderung des Eintrages: 18.01.2018

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