Effects of bio-nano ashes and nano limestone on the tensile metrics and rheological parameters as a measure of bitumen performance

Autor: Tarekegn Kumala Sherre a,b,* , Alexander Ahrend c,e, Abdullah Riaz c,d,e, Hermann Seitz c,e, Alemayehu Gebissa a
Mitarbeiter: Tarekegn Kumala Sherre a,b,* , Alexander Ahrend c,e, Abdullah Riaz c,d,e, Hermann Seitz c,e, Alemayehu Gebissa a
weitere Bearbeiter: Tarekegn Kumala Sherre a,b,* , Alexander Ahrend c,e, Abdullah Riaz c,d,e, Hermann Seitz c,e, Alemayehu Gebissa a
In:

Case Studies in Construction Materials 24 (2026) e05856
ELSEVIER
Autor: Tarekegn Kumala Sherre a,b,* , Alexander Ahrend c,e, Abdullah Riaz c,d,e, Hermann Seitz c,e, Alemayehu Gebissa a
Bandangabe: 24
Auflage: 24
ISBN: 2214-5095
Seite: 1 - 24
Jahr: 2026

Einordung:
Institut: Professur Geotechnik und Küstenwasserbau

Abstract:
Early pavement deterioration remains a major challenge in asphalt pavement construction, primarily
due to temperature-induced distresses such as rutting and fatigue cracking. Conventional
bitumen modification methods have been improving bitumen performance, but often rely on nonrenewable
or environmentally harmful additives. This study introduces a novel bio-nano ash
(BNA) derived from coffee husk ash (CHA) and wood ash (WA) as a suitable bio-nanomaterial for
bitumen modification, compared with mineral nano limestone (LS). The bio-nano ashes were
prepared by controlled burning in a closed chamber to minimize CO2 emission and secure ecofriendly
synthesis. The 70/100 pen bitumen was modified with nanomaterials at 1.5 %, 3.5 %,
and 5.5 % by weight of bitumen. The additives were characterized using X-Ray diffraction (XRD),
scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Brunauer,
Emmette, and Teller method (BET) analysis. Evaluating and modeling tensile metric performance,
rheological properties and Bitumen-Fast-Characterization test (BFCT) using a dynamic shear
rheometer (DSR) were evaluated. Results revealed that BNA significantly enhanced the tensile
maximum force (Fmax) and rutting resistance of modified bitumen compared with nano LS, due to
increased complex shear modulus, elevated Equi-shear modulus temperature (TBTSV) and reduced
phase angle (δBTSV). At 5.5 % WA, the maximum peak force and cumulative area were observed,
indicating excellent energy absorption and the best overall mechanical performance of modified
bitumen. The values of (R2 = 0.999) from linear regression confirmed a strong, consistent link
between mechanical and rheological parameters, evidencing bio-nano ash from bio-waste as a
high-performance, eco-friendly bitumen modified supporting sustainable asphalt engineering.

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