Die Vielfalt der Vielfalt – Ein Vorschlag zur konzeptionellen Klärung der Biodiversität

Autor: Beierkuhnlein, C.
In:

Ber. d. Reinh.-Tüxen-Ges.

Bandangabe: 13
Seite: 103 - 118
Jahr: 2001

Einordung:
Institut: Professur Landschaftsökologie und Standortkunde
Teilschwerpunkt: Erfassung und Auswertung umweltrelevanter Kenngrößen

Abstract:
Until today, the term biodiversity, allthough successful in the public and in science, is not clearly defined. For some aspects of biodiversity, especially for species diversity, theories, concepts and definitions exist for decades. Nevertheless, a satisfying general framework for biodiversity has not yet been developed. This paper tries to clarify the term and develop a general concept of biodiversity.
Biodiversity can be investigated at different levels of organization (e.g.: organs, organisms, communities, ecosystems, landscapes, biomes). When considering the distribution of biotic units in space, different scales have to be taken into consideration. The spatial diversity at the species level can be analysed according to species number (alpha-diversity) and resemblance of species composition (beta-diversity). More generally, three aspects of biodiversity can be identified. The basic aspect is the variability between biotic objects. In this paper this is referred to as primary or qualitative biodiversity. As soon as objects are classified using their resemblance according to certain critieria, the number of types can be counted. This is defined here as secondary or quantitative biodiversity. The third form of biodiversity emerges from the ecological complexity of biotic objects. It is regarded as tertiary or functional biodiversity.

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